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Actually this is very long topic to discuss about!
If you want to dig deep, check this out http://stackoverflow.com/questions/418914/why-is-c-so-fast-and-why-arent-other-languages-as-fast-or-faster

Also there are many posts/blogs are there about it.
Few reasons :
Java is purely High level language while C is kind of Middle level language,
Java uses byte code and Just in time compilation, C programs executes directly.
Java(bytecode) needs to be cross platform, C is not that kind of portable
Java supports garbage collector and its own GUI(Like swing and FX),C does not.
and so on.
Even most of the part of Java and many HLL languages are written in C ;)
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Since, we need to make byte code first out of the high level code and then that byte code is interpreted by java run time interpreter, while in C there is no such extra step. So, C is comparatively faster.

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