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Programming output

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Yes , a=169 , b=169 is correct answer.

since static scoping is sssigned to variable b , so it will retain its value through out the program.

first of all the variable b is assigned a value of 12 , and just after that procedure N is called , and it made b= b+1 to value 13 , and since b is static so it will retain the value 13 throught the program. Just after this M(b) is called and the code a=a*a is called off , so 13*13= 169.

so the value of a will be 169 and b =169.

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/41215162/value-of-callee-and-caller-when-using-call-by-references

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