Statement P: Increasing the number of page frames allocated to a process sometimes increases the page fault rate.
Correct, as FIFO page replacement algorithm suffers from belady’s anomaly which states above statement.
Statement Q: Some programs do not exhibit locality of reference. Correct, Locality often occurs because code contains loops that tend to reference arrays or other data structures by indices. So we can write a program does not contain loop and do not exhibit locality of reference.
So, both statement P and Q are correct but Q is not the reason for P as Belady’s Anomaly occurs for some specific patterns of page references.