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Free disk space can be used to keep track of using a free list or a bit map. Disk addresses require $d$ bits. For a disk with $B$ blocks, $F$ of which are free, state the condition under which the free list uses less space than the bit map.
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Bit map maintains one bit for each block, If it is free then bit will be "$0$" if occupied then bit will be "$1$".
For space purpose, it doesn't matter what bit we are using, only matters that how many blocks are there.
For $B$ blocks, Bit map takes space of "$B$" bits.

Free list is a list that maintains addresses of free blocks only. If we have $3$ free blocks then it maintains $3$ addresses in a list, if $4$ free blocks then $4$ address in a list and like that.

Given that we have $F$ free blocks, therefore $F$ addresses in a list, and each address size is d bits therefore Free list takes space of "$Fd$".

condition under which the free list uses less space than the bit map: $Fd<B$

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what is tree list ?? or is it free list ??
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its free list. tree list typo
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Free  list  = Fd bits = F * $\left \lceil log B \right \rceil$

Bit map  = B bits

if all bocks are free then F=B

so  B * $\left \lceil log B \right \rceil$ $\geqslant$ B
Solution for Part a :-

Assume that size of each block is S bits.

Then no of bits required for free list is = Fd, No of blocks required = Fd/S

No of bits required for Bit map = B (No of blocks ) , No of block required is =  B /S

Condition under which free list uses less space than the bit map.

Fd / S < B / S
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why divide by S ??

in the above selected answer there is no such division and condition FD<B is sufficient i think ?

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@nikunj he just explained in terms of disk blocks assuming size of each block to be S bits.

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