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A 8-node network runs the carrier sense Multiple Access (CSMA) MAC protocol. The maximum data rate of the network is 10 Megabits/s. Including retries, each node sends traffic according to some unknown random process at an average rate of 1 Megabit/s per node. Given that the network's utilization is 0.75 No packets get dropped in the network except due to collisions, and each node's average queue size is 5 packets. What fraction of packets sent by the nodes (including retries) experience a collision?_________% (correct to two decimal places).

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Given,Bandwith of Network=10Mbps.

Packet size=10000bits.

So,Number of packets can be transmitted through network per second=10Mbps/10000bits=1000 packets.

Since Network utilization is .75 so efficient number of packets that can be transmitted through network per second=.75*1000=750 packets.

Now talking about each nodes.

Average rate of each of each node=1Mbps.

packet size=10000bits.

So,number of packets sent by each node in 1 sec=1Mbps/10000bits=100packets.

Total number of packets sent by all 8 node combined=800 packets.

Therefore, Fraction of collision = (800-750)/800=50/800=6.25%

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