Question

what is the meaning of  $HOP , HOST , NODE, END$  in networking are they same or different

I mean $\text{host to host , hop to hop,  end to end , node to node}$ how they differ from each other

Answer 1

LET US CONSIDER A NETWORK AS,  A------B------C------D------E AND A IS SENDING MESSAGE TO E

IN THIS

            A is source and E is Destination....

Hosts are A and E

Hops or Nodes are A,B,C,D,E

Ends are the processes in layers which are communicating ( web processes in Transport Layer of 'A' communicating with web processes in Transport Layer of 'B' )

therefore

hop-to-hop by Data Link Layer

Host-to-Host is Network Layer

End-to-End is Transport Layer