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Long term scheduler picks up jobs from the job queue and and creates a process. It is the job of this scheduler to decide how many processes are to be created and what are the processes that are to be created from the job queue because of the requirement that long term scheduler should create a mix of CPU bound and I/O bound processes. Hence at any point of time, long term scheduler limits the number of processes that can be there in the ready queue (i.e. in main memory) at maximum, thereby affecting the degree of multiprogramming.
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LONG TERM SCHEDULER MOVES PROGRAMS FROM SECONDARY MEMORY TO MAIN MEMORY AND THERE IT BECOMES PROCESS.

DEGREE OF MULTIPROGRAMMING IS HOW MANY  MAXIMUM PROCESS AT READY STATE .

IT IS LONG TERM BECAUSE ONCE WE DECIDE THIS MUCH PROCESS WE CANT CHANGE THAT FACT. AND WE HAVE TO STICK WITH THAT MUCH PROCESSES FOR WHOLE TIME.
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 @manisha  I am agree with @somoshree

A long-term scheduler determines which programs are admitted to the system for processing. It selects processes from the queue and loads them into memory for execution. Process loads into the memory for CPU scheduling.

The primary objective of the job scheduler is to provide a balanced mix of jobs, such as I/O bound and processor bound. It also controls the degree of multiprogramming. If the degree of multiprogramming is stable, then the average rate of process creation must be equal to the average departure rate of processes leaving the system.

On some systems, the long-term scheduler may not be available or minimal. Time-sharing operating systems have no long term scheduler. When a process changes the state from new to ready, then there is use of long-term scheduler.

CPU Bound means the rate at which process progresses is limited by the speed of the CPU. A task that performs calculations on a small set of numbers, for example multiplying small matrices, is likely to be CPU bound.

I/O Bound means the rate at which a process progresses is limited by the speed of the I/O subsystem. A task that processes data from disk, for example, counting the number of lines in a file is likely to be I/O bound.

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