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Which of the following statements are true ?

  1.  If A is a non-regular language and B is a infinite language such that B $\subseteq$ A, then B must be non-regular.
  2. If A is non-regular language which is not Accepted by any PDA and B is a regular language then ( A $\cup$ B )*  may be regular.
  3. Non-regular language is closed under complement but not closed under concatenation.
  4. Non-regular is closed under reversal but not closed under subset operation.

(a) ii , iv only     (b) ii, iii and iv only   (c) i, iii and iv only    (d) All

 

please discuss the last two statements( i am not getting it ) iii,iv

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 If A is a non-regular language and B is a infinite language such that B ⊆  A, then B must be non-regular.

B is infinite, and B ⊆  A ====> A should be Infinite Language

let B = { $c^{m}$ | m ≥ 0 } and A = { $a^{n}\;b^{n}\;c^{m} \;| n\;\geq 0 \;and \;m \;\geq 0$ } then Given statement is false.

 

If A is non-regular language which is not Accepted by any PDA and B is a regular language then ( A ∪ B )*  may be regular.

if B = ∑* ===> ( A ∪ B )* is RL

 

Non-regular language is closed under complement but not closed under concatenation. 

 Non-RL complement should be Non-RL, due to RL is closed under Complement.

i mean, let A is Non-RL, then A' is Non-RL...

if A' is RL, then (A')' is RL due to RL is closed under Complement.  ===> (A')' = A is RL, it is contradicting ===> A' should be Non-RL

 

Non-regular is closed under reversal but not closed under subset operation.

Non-regular is closed under reversal ===> it is true

WHY ?

when you say a language is Non-RL ?

there should be a relation between them, i mean let take L = {$a^n\;b^n\;c^n$}, in this the relation between a and b is no.of a's should be equal to a, and no.of b's should be no.of c's, By reversing the strings, this relation can cancel ? No, even you reverse the relation should be preserved !

i mean, in $ L^{R}$ = { c$^{n}\;b^{n}\;a^{n}$ } , the relation between a and b is no.of a's should be equal to a, and no.of b's should be no.of c's

 

Non-regular is not closed under subset operation ===> it is true due to

Non-regular language subset may be finite then  it is RL.

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