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Parameter passing technique

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Various parameter passing mechanisms have been in used in different programming languages. Which of the following statements is true?
(a) Call by value result is used in language Ada
(b) Call by value result is the same as call by name.
(c) Call by value is the most robust.
(d) Call by reference is the same as call by name.
(e) Call by name is the most efficient.
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(a) is true. Ada supports in-out parameter passing, which is nothing other than call by value result (but Ada in GATE syllabus?)
(b) Not true.
(c) Most robust? I don't know what is meant by robust here.
(d) Not true.
(e) Not true. Because in call by name, the parameter is re-evaluated at every occurrence of the formal paramater and hence efficiency will only be less.

Reference:
http://courses.cs.washington.edu/courses/cse341/03wi/imperative/parameters.html
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