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Consider the following grammar and the semantic actions to support that inherited type declaration attributes. Let $X_1, X_2, X_3, X_4, X_5$, and $X_6$ be the placeholders for the non-terminals $D, T, L$ or $L_1$ in the following table:

$$\begin{array}{|l|l|} \hline \text{Production rule} & \text{Semantic action} \\ \hline D \rightarrow T L & X_1.\text{type} = X_2.\text{type} \\ \hline T \rightarrow \text{int} & T.\text{type} = \text{int} \\ \hline T \rightarrow \text{float} & T.\text{type} = \text{float} \\ \hline L \rightarrow L_1, id & X_3.\text{type}= X_4.\text{type} \\ &\text{addType}(id. \text{entry}, X_5.\text{type})\\ \hline L \rightarrow id & \text{addType}(id. \text{entry}, X_6, \text{type}) \\ \hline \end{array}$$

Which one of the following are appropriate choices for $X_1, X_2, X_3$ and $X_4$?

1. $X_1=L, \: X_2=T, \: X_3=L_1, \: X_4 = L$
2. $X_1=T, \: X_2=L, \: X_3=L_1, \: X_4 = T$
3. $X_1=L, \: X_2=L, \: X_3=L_1, \: X_4 = T$
4. $X_1=T, \: X_2=L, \: X_3=T, \: X_4 = L_1$
edited | 1.8k views

+1 vote

A node in a parse tree can $\text{INHERIT}$ an attribute either from its parent or its siblings. This means for a production
$$S \to AB,$$ $A$ can inherit values from either $S$ or $B$ and similarly $B$ can inherit values from either $S$ or $A.$

In the given productions, for

$L \to L_1, id,$

$L_1$ can inherit from $L$ or $,$ or $id$ with only $L$ being a non-terminal.

So, this means $X_3$ must be $L_1$ and $X_4$ must be $L$ as $X_i$ is a placeholder for non-terminals.

Only option A matches this.

selected

Inherited attributes :a attribute that gets its values from the attributes attached to the parent (or siblings) of its non-terminal.

Now in question first semantics $X1 \cdot \text{Type} = X2 \cdot \text{Type}$. $X1$ inherit value from $X2$  it means $X1$ can be $L$ or $T$ same for $X2$. Option C ruled out.

$X3 \cdot \text{type}=X4 \cdot \text{type} X3$ should be  $L1$  and $X4$ should be $L$ according to definition. Option B,D ruled out

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attribute_grammar

edited

Since the production,

L → L1, id {X3.type = X4.type } , this production has L and L1, hence X3 and X4 cannot be T.

So option B, C and D cannot be correct.

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+1 vote