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The data link layer uses a fixed-size sliding window protocol, where the window size for the connection is equal to twice the bandwidth-delay product of the network path. Consider the following three scenarios, in each of which only the given parameter changes as specified (no other parameters change). For each scenario, explain whether the throughput (not utilization) of the connection increases, decreases, remains the same, or cannot be determined:

  1. the packet loss rate $L$ decreases to $L/3$;
  2. the minimum value of the round trip time $R$ increases to $1.8R$;
  3. the window size $W$ decreases to $W/3$

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  1. If the packet loss decreases then automatically throughput increases
  2. If Round trip time increases then link distance increases or propagation speed slows hence packet loss probablity increases thus throughput decreases.
  3. Its mentioned that “sliding window size equal to twice the bandwidth-delay product of the network path” BDP is directly proportional to round trip time. Hence is SW decreases then RTT decreases so link distance must decrease or speed increases so throughput increases. 

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