The data link layer uses a fixed-size sliding window protocol, where the window size for the connection is equal to twice the bandwidth-delay product of the network path. Consider the following three scenarios, in each of which only the given parameter changes as specified (no other parameters change). For each scenario, explain whether the throughput (not utilization) of the connection increases, decreases, remains the same, or cannot be determined:
- the packet loss rate $L$ decreases to $L/3$;
- the minimum value of the round trip time $R$ increases to $1.8R$;
- the window size $W$ decreases to $W/3$