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In the graph below, the concentration of a particular pollutant in a lake is plotted over (alternate) days of a month in winter (average temperature $10^{\circ} C$) and a month in summer (average temperature $30^{\circ} C$).

Consider the following statements based on the data shown above:

  1. Over the given months, the difference between the maximum and the minimum pollutant concentrations is the same in both winter and summer
  2. There are at least four days in the summer month such that the pollutant concentrations on those days are within $1$ ppm of the pollutant concentrations on the corresponding days in the winter month.

Which one of the following options is correct?

  1. Only i
  2. Only ii
  3. Both i and ii
  4. Neither i nor ii
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Migrated from GO Mechanical 4 years ago by Arjun

2 Answers

Best answer
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3 votes
  • Maximum pollutant concentration in the summer month $= 10.5$
  • Maximum pollutant concentration in the winter month $= 8$
  • Minimum pollutant concentration in the summer month $= 1.5$
  • Minimum pollutant concentration in the winter month $= 0$

So, the difference between the maximum and minimum pollutant concentration in summer $ = 10.5 - 1.5 = 9.$

The difference between the maximum and minimum pollutant concentration in winter $ = 8-0= 8.$

So, $(i)$ is FALSE.

If we see days $10-14$ the pollutant concentration between the summer and winter months are within $0.5$ ppm. So, $(ii)$ is TRUE.

Correct Option: B.

2 votes
2 votes

Let's justify the $1^{st}$ statement

In winter:

The maximum concentration of pollutant = $8$ ppm

The minimum concentration of pollutant = $0$ ppm

Difference between the maximum and the minimum pollutant concentrations(in winter) = $8-0$ ppm = $8$ ppm

In Summer:

The maximum concentration of pollutant = $10.5$ ppm

The minimum concentration of pollutant = $1.5$ ppm

Difference between the maximum and the minimum pollutant concentrations(in summer) = $10.5-1.5$ ppm = $9$ ppm

∴ We can easily see that the difference between the maximum and the minimum pollutant concentrations are not same in both winter and summer.

So, statement i) is false.

Now, justify the justify the $2^{nd}$ statement

It says that- There are at least four days in the summer month such that the pollutant concentrations on those days are within 1 ppm of the pollutant concentrations on the corresponding days in the winter month.

So, we can see that statement ii) is true.

Hence, the correct option is $\textbf{B. only ii)}$.

Answer:

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