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What is the smallest number of colors that can be used to color the vertices of a cube so that no two adjacent vertices are colored identically?
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With $2$ colors we can do coloring as shown below. We can also see that there are no cycles of an odd length in this graph and hence it is $2-$ colorable.

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A hypercube or k-dimensional cube (Qk) is also a bipartite graph and every bipartite graph has chromatic number <= 2 . So for the given graph min number of colors (chromatic number) required is 2 .
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