retagged by
7,400 views
8 votes
8 votes
Consider the data transfer using $\text{TCP}$ over a $1 \; \text{Gbps}$ link. Assuming that the maximum segment lifetime $\text{(MSL)}$ is set to $60 \; \text{seconds},$ the minimum number of bits required for the sequence number field of the $\text{TCP}$ header, to prevent the sequence number space from wrapping around during the $\text{MSL}$ is ________________.
retagged by

3 Answers

Best answer
10 votes
10 votes
33 bits.

As in 60 seconds , 60Gb of data will get transferred which in turn is about 7.5GB and can be represented in 33 bits
selected by
18 votes
18 votes

Answer : 33 bits

Given Bandwidth = $1Gbps$, MSL = $60 sec$.

Now, in $1$ sec, amount of data consumed = $1Gb$

Hence. in $60 sec$, amount of data consumed = $60Gb$ $\implies$ $(60Gb/8)$ $\implies$ $7.5GB$

Therefore, to prevent the sequence number space from wrapping around during the MSL, we need $7.5GB$ of data which can be represented with:-

$\lceil log(7.5 * 2^{30}) \rceil$ $\implies$ $\lceil log(7.5) + log(2^{30}) \rceil$ $\implies$ $\lceil 2.9+30 \rceil$  $\implies$ $33 bits$ for the sequence number field.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The Answer will also be same if we use $1Gbps = 10^9bps$

Minimum no. of bits required in Sequence number field of the $\text{TCP}$ header to prevent the sequence number space from wrapping around during the $\text{MSL}$ is given by:-

$\lceil log(MSL*B_w) \rceil$ where $MSL$ (maximum segment lifetime) = $60 \; \text{seconds}$ [given]

and $B_w$ (Bandwidth in $Bps$) =  $10^9bps = 10^9/8 Bps$ [given]

Thus,

Min. no. of bits required= $\lceil log(60* 10^9/8) \rceil$

$=\lceil log(60*10^4) + log(10^5/8) \rceil$ [Breaking $10^9$ so that it becomes easy to use the scientific calculator in exam]

$=\lceil19.19460+  13.60964 \rceil$

$=\lceil 32.80424\rceil = 33bits$ for the sequence number field.

edited by
5 votes
5 votes
33 bits.

WAT = $2^{32}$/x (x is bandwidth which should be in Bytes/sec).
Value of x = $10^{9}$ bits/sec  = $10^{9}/8$  B/sec.

So, WAT = $2^{32} * 8 / 10^{9}$ =  34.35 sec.
And according to question the lifetime of TCP segment is set to 60sec.

It can easily be observed that : 2 * WAT ( 68.70 ) > TCP Lifetime ( 60 sec ).
For WAT already calculated using 32 bits and if we multiply it by 2 this will give 33 bits.
Answer:

Related questions

8 votes
8 votes
2 answers
2
29 votes
29 votes
5 answers
3
Arjun asked Feb 15, 2022
15,094 views
Consider routing table of an organization’s router shown below:$$\begin{array} {|l|l|l|} \hline \text{Subnet Number} & \text{Subnet Mask} & \text{Next Hop} \\\hline 12....
25 votes
25 votes
5 answers
4