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Let $\text{A}$ be a non-empty set. Let $\text{P(A)}$ denote the power set of $\text{A}.$

Which of the following is/are necessarily true ?

  1. If $x \in \text{A}$ then $x$ cannot be an element of $\text{P(A)}.$
  2. If every element of $\text{P(A)}$ is an element of a set $\text{B},$ then $\text{A} \in \text{B}.$
  3. If every element of $\text{P(A)}$ is an element of a set $\text{B},$ then $\text{A} \subseteq \text{B}.$
  4. $\text{A} \subseteq \text{P(A)}$
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A is a non-empty set. P(A) is power set of A.

( One counter example is enough to show something is not necessarily true. )

Option A: Suppose, A = { phi } then P(A) = { phi , {phi} }.Here, phi belongs to A and P(A) also. Thus, option A is not necessarily true.

Option B: Every set is a subset of itself. Thus, A also belongs to P(A) and every element of P(A) is element of B, thus A also belong to B. True

Option C: Suppose, A = { 1 } then P(A) = { phi, {1} } and B = { phi, {1} , {2} }. Here, A is not a subset of B. Thus, option C is not necessarily true.

Option D: From counter example given in option C. There, A is not a subset of P(A). Thus, option D is also not necessarily true.

Answer:- B

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