here, it is given that:
(a, b)R(c, d)
if a ≤ c or b ≤ d
Statement P: R is reflexive → TRUE
For R to be reflexive (a, b) R (a, b) should hold true.
Here, a ≤ a or b ≤ b So, (a, b) R (a, b) holds true.
R is reflexive.
Statement Q: R is transitive → FALSE
Consider the elements as (4, 5), (5, 1), (1, 1) As, (4, 5) R (5, 1)
so, 4 ≤ 5 or 5 ≤ 1 And (5, 1) R (1, 1)
so, 1 ≤ 1 But here, (4, 5) R (1, 1)
where, 4 ≥ 1 and 5 ≥ 1
For this, relation doesn’t hold true,
So, Relation R is not transitive.