ans is D all
Design Criteria for Instruction Formats (How to outlast the current processor.)
1. Size of the Instructions balance instruction size vs. required capabilities, addressing, and inst. fetch times typically word length or multiple word lengths 1a. Consider the instruction fetch and instruction building required multiple word fetches require more time … leading to fewer instructions per second (average memory access time and I-cache make a difference)
2. Include enough bits to define “ALL” operations allow for future growth provide some “unassigned” opcodes
3. Determine any address range or size limitations a 32-bit address by byte accesses only 4GB of space the number of RISC registers defines the address field size (32 reg 5 bits each)
