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Monitor is an Interprocess Communication $(IPC)$ technique which can be described as 

  1. It is higher level synchronization primitive and is a collection of procedures, variables, and data structures grouped together in a special package.
  2. It is a non-negative integer which apart from initialization can be acted upon by wait and signal operations.
  3. It uses two primitives, send and receive which are system calls rather than language constructs.
  4. It consists of the $IPC$ primitives implemented as system calls to block the process when they are not allowed to enter critical region to save $CPU$ time. 
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monitor is a thread-safe class, object, or module that uses wrapped mutual exclusion in order to safely allow access to a method or variable by more than one thread. The defining characteristic of a monitor is that its methods are executed with mutual exclusion: At each point in time, at most one thread may be executing any of its methods. Using a condition variable(s), it can also provide the ability for threads to wait on a certain condition (thus using the above definition of a "monitor"). For the rest of this article, this sense of "monitor" will be referred to as a "thread-safe object/class/module".

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