+26 votes
1.9k views

Suppose $c = \langle c[0], \dots, c[k-1]\rangle$ is an array of length $k$, where all the entries are from the set $\{0, 1\}$. For any positive integers $a \text{ and } n$, consider the following pseudocode.

DOSOMETHING (c, a, n)

$z \leftarrow 1$
for $i \leftarrow 0 \text{ to } k-1$
do $z \leftarrow z^2 \text{ mod } n$
if c[i]=1
then $z \leftarrow (z \times a) \text{ mod } n$
return z

If $k=4, c = \langle 1, 0, 1, 1 \rangle , a = 2, \text{ and } n=8$, then the output of DOSOMETHING(c, a, n) is _______.

asked
edited | 1.9k views
0
in sudo code if c[i]=1 is equivalent to if(c[i]==1)

then how can u write if(c[i]=1) in sudo code ??

## 6 Answers

+27 votes
Best answer
Initially $k = 4$, $c = [1, 0, 1, 1]$, $a = 2$, $n = 8$.

Now let's iterate through the function step by step :

$z = 1$ (at the start of do-something)

$i = 0$ (start of external for loop)

In the do loop

$z = 1*1 % 8 = 1$ (non zero value so considered as true and continue)

$c[0] = 1$, so in the if clause, $z = 1*2 \% 8 = 2$

In the do loop

$z = 2*2 \% 8 = 4$ (since now $z = 2$) (non zero value so considered as true and continue)

$c[0] = 1$, so in the if clause, $z = 4*2 \% 8 = 0$

Now no need to check further :

Reason :  All the operations that update $Z$ are multiplicative operations and hence the value of $Z$ will never change from $0$.
answered by Active (2.3k points)
edited
+2
you have not incremented "i" in your answer...z becomes 0 at i=2;
+3
There are no bracket so how scope of for loop is more than 1 line ?
Do we hv to follow structure pattern in this type of code
+6
I think answer is having some typeo.In the second iteration we will never enter if and z remains 4.Now in third iteration,it becomes 16 mod 8 and thus we get 0 and it remains the same for upcoming iterations.But in answer its entering into if on second iteration,which is not possible as c[1]=0.Someone please check it once?
0
what is the scope and termination condition of do loop here in the question??????

unable to get do loop scope
0

@Anup , It is written in Pseudocode which follows Indentation .  it does not use brackets to show blocks. Given question follows pseudocode convention of CLRS.

PFA from CLRS

0
yes indentation pattern
+14 votes

z=1  k = 4, c = [1, 0, 1, 1], a = 2, n = 8

now if we analyze the code we will get table like this Hence Ans is 0.

 i z 0 2 1 4 2 0 3 0
answered by Boss (23.4k points)
+6 votes
Answer is 0. By manually iterating through the steps by pencil and paper we can get this answer
answered by Junior (683 points)
edited
+3 votes
we can do it mentally , at one stage value of z will be zero , beyond that , for any value of K it will be 0 only.

Ans :0
answered by Active (2.7k points)
+2 votes

May be this works ...........

answered by (309 points)
+1 vote

this is the algorithm to find  amod n.

here a =2, c =(1011)2 = 11, n=8

hence 211 mod 8 = 0

answered by Active (1.2k points)
+1
How can u assume this thing ?
0

Any Proof ? Which Text Book It From ? @y mint

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