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Let $G$ be an arbitrary graph with $n$ nodes and $k$ components. If a vertex is removed from $G$, the number of components in the resultant graph must necessarily lie down between

1. $k$ and $n$
2. $k-1$ and $k+1$
3. $k-1$ and $n-1$
4. $k+1$ and $n-k$

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If a vertex is removed from the graph $G$,

Lower Bound: number of components decreased by one $= k - 1$ (remove an isolated vertex which was a component)

Upper Bound: number of components $= n-1$ (consider a vertex connected to all other vertices in a component as in a star and all other vertices outside this component being isolated. Now, removing the considered vertex makes all other $n-1$ vertices isolated making $n-1$ components)

Therefore (C).

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in a completely connected graph, there is only one component, so after removing one vertex, the number of connected components still stay 1, so should it not be k to n-1 ?

We are talking about lower bound here.'k-1' is lesser than k and that's the lowest number of components possible.

is it true that lies between k-1 and n-1 include k-1 and [email protected] DanishArjun sir

@Arjun Sir lower bound will be 'K' if we remove one vertex here then component may not increase.
Upper bound is also possible when there are 0 edges..

I.e every vertex is a component.. So removal of a vertex means removing a component..

Hence after removal there are n-1 components
For the upper bound are we thinking k = 1 , as a star graph with the middle vertex being connected to all others . Now when the middle vertex is removed from the graph then the number of components becomes n-1.

Visualise from my explanation

You wont get anything better than this

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### 1 comment

After deleting central vertices then all opponent getting same so i think it can't possible
Lower bound k-1 ,upper bound n-k.
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Because if u remove frm star graph it only has one compo so n-1 but the general case will be n-k for k compo graph.
But consider the case where the other components are isolated vertices.
Hello anshu , he is asking about maximum possible number of components , which would be n-1 and n-k is supposed to be lesser or equal to n-1.
yes when graph is star graph then components will be n-1 components will be come.