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Recent questions tagged operating-system
2
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931
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 2 Question 4 (Page No. 174)
When an interrupt or a system call transfers control to the operating system, a kernel stack area separate from the stack of the interrupted process is generally used. Why?
When an interrupt or a system call transfers control to the operating system, a kernel stack area separate from the stack of the interrupted process is generally used. Wh...
admin
2.0k
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admin
asked
Oct 24, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
process-and-threads
system-call
threads
descriptive
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1
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1
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932
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 2 Question 3 (Page No. 174)
On all current computers, at least part of the interrupt handlers are written in assembly language. Why?
On all current computers, at least part of the interrupt handlers are written in assembly language. Why?
admin
2.4k
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admin
asked
Oct 24, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
process-and-threads
interrupts
descriptive
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0
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1
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933
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 2 Question 2 (Page No. 174)
Suppose that you were to design an advanced computer architecture that did process switching in hardware, instead of having interrupts. What information would the CPU need? Describe how the hardware process switching might work.
Suppose that you were to design an advanced computer architecture that did process switching in hardware, instead of having interrupts. What information would the CPU nee...
admin
927
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admin
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Oct 24, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
process-and-threads
interrupts
descriptive
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0
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934
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 2 Question 1 (Page No. 174)
In Fig. $2-2$, three process states are shown. In theory, with three states, there could be six transitions, two out of each state. However, only four transitions are shown. Are there any circumstances in which either or both of the missing transitions might occur?
In Fig. $2-2$, three process states are shown. In theory, with three states, there could be six transitions, two out of each state. However, only four transitions are sho...
admin
248
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admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
process-and-threads
descriptive
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1
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0
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935
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 35 (Page No. 83 - 84)
If you have a personal UNIX-like system (Linux, MINIX $3$, FreeBSD, etc.) available that you can safely crash and reboot, write a shell script that attempts to create an unlimited number of child ... system administrator. The consequences will be instantly obvious so you are likely to be caught and sanctions may follow.
If you have a personal UNIX-like system (Linux, MINIX $3$, FreeBSD, etc.) available that you can safely crash and reboot, write a shell script that attempts to create an ...
admin
415
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admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
shared-system
descriptive
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1
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0
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936
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 36 (Page No. 84)
Examine and try to interpret the contents of a UNIX-like or Windows directory with a tool like the UNIX od program. (Hint: How you do this will depend upon what the OS allows. One trick that may work is ... with one operating system and then read the raw device data using a different operating system that allows such access.)
Examine and try to interpret the contents of a UNIX-like or Windows directory with a tool like the UNIX od program. (Hint: How you do this will depend upon what the OS al...
admin
352
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admin
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Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
unix
descriptive
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0
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0
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937
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 34 (Page No. 83)
Write a shell that is similar to Fig. $1-19$ but contains enough code that it actually works so you can test it. You might also add some features such as redirection of input and output, pipes, and background jobs.
Write a shell that is similar to Fig. $1-19$ but contains enough code that it actually works so you can test it. You might also add some features such as redirection of i...
admin
496
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admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
descriptive
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0
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938
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 33 (Page No. 83)
Here are some questions for practicing unit conversions: How long is a nanoyear in seconds? Micrometers are often called microns. How long is a megamicron? How many bytes are there in a $1$-PB memory? The mass of the earth is $6000$ yottagrams. What is that in kilograms?
Here are some questions for practicing unit conversions:How long is a nanoyear in seconds?Micrometers are often called microns. How long is a megamicron?How many bytes ar...
admin
352
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admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
descriptive
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0
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0
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939
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 32 (Page No. 83)
Virtual machines have become very popular for a variety of reasons. Nevertheless, they have some downsides. Name one.
Virtual machines have become very popular for a variety of reasons. Nevertheless, they have some downsides. Name one.
admin
299
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admin
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Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
virtual-machines
descriptive
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940
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 31 (Page No. 83)
Explain how separation of policy and mechanism aids in building microkernel-based operating systems.
Explain how separation of policy and mechanism aids in building microkernel-based operating systems.
admin
283
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admin
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Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
descriptive
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0
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941
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 30 (Page No. 83)
A portable operating system is one that can be ported from one system architecture to another without any modification. Explain why it is infeasible to build an operating system that is completely portable. Describe two high-level layers that you will have in designing an operating system that is highly portable.
A portable operating system is one that can be ported from one system architecture to another without any modification. Explain why it is infeasible to build an operating...
admin
389
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admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
descriptive
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0
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942
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 29 (Page No. 83)
Figure $1-23$ shows that a number of UNIX system calls have no Win32 API equivalents. For each of the calls listed as having no Win32 equivalent, what are the consequences for a programmer of converting a UNIX program to run under Windows?
Figure $1-23$ shows that a number of UNIX system calls have no Win32 API equivalents. For each of the calls listed as having no Win32 equivalent, what are the consequence...
admin
648
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admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
unix
system-call
descriptive
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0
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0
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943
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 28 (Page No. 83)
To a programmer, a system call looks like any other call to a library procedure. Is it important that a programmer know which library procedures result in system calls? Under what circumstances and why?
To a programmer, a system call looks like any other call to a library procedure. Is it important that a programmer know which library procedures result in system calls? U...
admin
230
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admin
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Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
system-call
descriptive
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0
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0
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944
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 27 (Page No. 83)
Modern operating systems decouple a process address space from the machine’s physical memory. List two advantages of this design.
Modern operating systems decouple a process address space from the machine’s physical memory. List two advantages of this design.
admin
540
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admin
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Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
memory-management
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945
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 26 (Page No. 83)
In the example given in Fig. $1-17$, the library procedure is called read and the system call itself is called read. Is it essential that both of these have the same name? If not, which one is more important?
In the example given in Fig. $1-17$, the library procedure is called read and the system call itself is called read. Is it essential that both of these have the same name...
admin
286
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admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
descriptive
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0
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1
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946
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 25 (Page No. 83)
What is the essential difference between a block special file and a character special file?
What is the essential difference between a block special file and a character special file?
admin
173
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admin
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Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
descriptive
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0
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1
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947
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 24 (Page No. 83)
Suppose that a $10$-MB file is stored on a disk on the same track (track $50$) in consecutive sectors. The disk arm is currently situated over track number $100$. How long will it take to retrieve this file from the disk? ... the file is stored to rotate under the head. Also, assume that reading occurs at a rate of $200$ MB/s.
Suppose that a $10$-MB file is stored on a disk on the same track (track $50$) in consecutive sectors. The disk arm is currently situated over track number $100$. How lon...
admin
908
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admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
disk
descriptive
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0
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948
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 23 (Page No. 82 - 83)
A file whose file descriptor is fd contains the following sequence of bytes$: 3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 3, 5.$ The following system calls are made: lseek(fd, $3$, SEEK SET); read(fd, &buffer, $4$); where the lseek call makes a seek to byte $3$ of the file. What does buffer contain after the read has completed?
A file whose file descriptor is fd contains the following sequence of bytes$: 3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 3, 5.$ The following system calls are made:lseek(fd, $3$, SEEK SE...
admin
678
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admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
system-call
descriptive
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0
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949
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 22 (Page No. 82)
Can the count = write(fd, buffer, nbytes); call return any value in count other than nbytes? If so, why?
Can thecount = write(fd, buffer, nbytes);call return any value in count other than nbytes? If so, why?
admin
382
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admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
descriptive
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0
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0
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950
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 21 (Page No. 82)
What type of multiplexing (time, space, or both) can be used for sharing the following resources: CPU, memory, disk, network card, printer, keyboard, and display?
What type of multiplexing (time, space, or both) can be used for sharing the following resources: CPU, memory, disk, network card, printer, keyboard, and display?
admin
397
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admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
multiplexing
descriptive
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0
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951
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 20 (Page No. 82)
For each of the following system calls, give a condition that causes it to fail: fork, exec, and unlink.
For each of the following system calls, give a condition that causes it to fail: fork, exec, and unlink.
admin
251
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admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
system-call
descriptive
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0
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0
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952
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 19 (Page No. 82)
Is there any reason why you might want to mount a file system on a nonempty directory? If so, what is it?
Is there any reason why you might want to mount a file system on a nonempty directory? If so, what is it?
admin
170
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admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
file-system
descriptive
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0
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953
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 18 (Page No. 82)
Why is the process table needed in a timesharing system? Is it also needed in personal computer systems running UNIX or Windows with a single user?
Why is the process table needed in a timesharing system? Is it also needed in personal computer systems running UNIX or Windows with a single user?
admin
167
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admin
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Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
timesharing-system
descriptive
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0
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1
answer
954
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 17 (Page No. 82)
What is a trap instruction? Explain its use in operating systems.
What is a trap instruction? Explain its use in operating systems.
admin
238
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admin
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Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
trap-instruction
descriptive
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0
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0
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955
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 16 (Page No. 82)
When a user program makes a system call to read or write a disk file, it provides an indication of which file it wants, a pointer to the data buffer, and the count. Control is then transferred to the operating ... What about the case of writing to the disk? Need the caller be blocked awaiting completion of the disk transfer?
When a user program makes a system call to read or write a disk file, it provides an indication of which file it wants, a pointer to the data buffer, and the count. Contr...
admin
309
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admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
system-call
interrupts
descriptive
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0
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2
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956
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 15 (Page No. 82)
Consider a computer system that has cache memory, main memory (RAM) and disk, and an operating system that uses virtual memory. It takes $1$ nsec to access a word from the cache, $10$ nsec to access a word from the RAM, and ... and main memory hit rate (after a cache miss) is $99\%$, what is the average time to access a word?
Consider a computer system that has cache memory, main memory (RAM) and disk, and an operating system that uses virtual memory. It takes $1$ nsec to access a word from th...
admin
1.7k
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admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
virtual-memory
descriptive
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1
votes
4
answers
957
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 14 (Page No. 82)
A computer has a pipeline with four stages. Each stage takes the same time to do its work, namely, $1$ nsec. How many instructions per second can this machine execute?
A computer has a pipeline with four stages. Each stage takes the same time to do its work, namely, $1$ nsec. How many instructions per second can this machine execute?
admin
1.8k
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admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
CO and Architecture
tanenbaum
operating-system
machine-instruction
pipelining
descriptive
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0
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1
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958
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 13 (Page No. 82)
Consider a system that has two CPUs, each CPU having two threads (hyperthreading). Suppose three programs, $P0, P1,$ and $P2$, are started with run times of $5, 10$ and $20$ msec, respectively. How long will it ... all three programs are $100\%$ CPU bound, do not block during execution, and do not change CPUs once assigned.
Consider a system that has two CPUs, each CPU having two threads (hyperthreading). Suppose three programs, $P0, P1,$ and $P2$, are started with run times of $5, 10$ and $...
admin
327
views
admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
threads
descriptive
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0
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0
answers
959
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 12 (Page No. 82)
Which of the following instructions should be allowed only in kernel mode? Disable all interrupts. Read the time-of-day clock. Set the time-of-day clock. Change the memory map
Which of the following instructions should be allowed only in kernel mode?Disable all interrupts.Read the time-of-day clock.Set the time-of-day clock.Change the memory ma...
admin
296
views
admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
kernel-mode
easy
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0
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0
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960
Andrew S. Tanenbaum (OS) Edition 4 Exercise 1 Question 11 (Page No. 81)
A $255$-GB disk has $65,536$ cylinders with $255$ sectors per track and $512$ bytes per sector. How many platters and heads does this disk have? Assuming an average cylinder seek time of $11$ ms, average rotational delay ... reading rate of $100$ MB/sec, calculate the average time it will take to read $400$ KB from one sector.
A $255$-GB disk has $65,536$ cylinders with $255$ sectors per track and $512$ bytes per sector. How many platters and heads does this disk have? Assuming an average cylin...
admin
296
views
admin
asked
Oct 23, 2019
Operating System
tanenbaum
operating-system
descriptive
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