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ER‐model. Relational model:Relational algebra, Tuple calculus, SQL. Integrity constraints, Normal forms. File organization, Indexing (e.g., B and B+ trees). Transactions and concurrency control.

$$\scriptsize{\overset{{\large{\textbf{Mark Distribution in Previous GATE}}}}{\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}\hline
\textbf{Year}& \textbf{2022} & \textbf{2021-1}&\textbf{2021-2}&\textbf{2020}&\textbf{2019}&\textbf{2018}&\textbf{2017-1}&\textbf{2017-2}&\textbf{2016-1}&\textbf{2016-2}&\textbf{Minimum}&\textbf{Average}&\textbf{Maximum}
\\\hline\textbf{1 Mark Count} & 3 &2&1&2&2&2&2&2&3&2&1&2.1&3
\\\hline\textbf{2 Marks Count} & 2&3&3&3&3&2&3&3&1&2&1&2.5&3
\\\hline\textbf{Total Marks} & 7 &8&7&8&8&6&8&8&5&6&\bf{6}&\bf{7.1}&\bf{8}\\\hline
\end{array}}}$$

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Most answered questions in Databases

6 votes
6 answers
41
Databases
A Clustered index A) is a dense index always. B) is a sparse index always. C) can be either dense index or a sparse index,but not both. D) can be both dense index and sparse index.
A Clustered indexA) is a dense index always.B) is a sparse index always.C) can be either dense index or a sparse index,but not both.D) can be both dense index and sparse ...
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63 votes
6 answers
42
GATE CSE 2017 Set 2 | Question: 19
Consider the following tables $T1$ and $T2.$ ... delete record $\langle 3, 8 \rangle$ from the table $T1,$ the number of additional records that need to be deleted from table $T1$ is _______
Consider the following tables $T1$ and $T2.$$$\overset{T1}{\begin{array}{|c|c|c|} \hline \textbf {P} & \textbf {Q} \\\hline \text {2} & \text{2 }\\\hline \text{3} & \te...
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64 votes
6 answers
44
GATE CSE 2016 Set 2 | Question: 51
Consider the following database schedule with two transactions $T_{1}$ and $T_{2}$ ... is TRUE? $S$ is non-recoverable. $S$ is recoverable, but has a cascading abort. $S$ does not have a cascading abort. $S$ is strict.
Consider the following database schedule with two transactions $T_{1}$ and $T_{2}$.$S= r_{2}\left(X\right); r_{1}\left(X\right); r_{2} \left(Y\right); w_{1} \left(X\right...
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43 votes
6 answers
46
GATE IT 2004 | Question: 77
Consider the following schedule $S$ of transactions $T1$ and $T2:$ ... only as $T2, T1$ $S$ is serializable both as $T1, T2$ and $T2, T1$ $S$ is not serializable either as $T1,T2$ or as $T2,T1$
Consider the following schedule $S$ of transactions $T1$ and $T2:$$${\begin{array}{l|l}\textbf{T1}& \textbf{T2} \\\hline\text{Read(A)} \\\text{A = A – 10}\\& \text...
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58 votes
6 answers
47
GATE IT 2004 | Question: 75
A relation $\text{Empdtl}$ ... and $\textsf{1NF}$ $\textsf{BCNF}$ and hence also in $\textsf{3NF}$, $\textsf{2NF}$ and $\textsf{1NF}$
A relation $\text{Empdtl}$ is defined with attributes empcode (unique), name, street, city, state and pincode. For any pincode, there is only one city and state. Also, fo...
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28 votes
6 answers
48
GATE CSE 1995 | Question: 26
Consider the relation scheme $R(A, B, C)$ with the following functional dependencies: $A, B \rightarrow C,$ $C \rightarrow A$ Show that the scheme $R$ is in $3\text{NF}$ but not in $\text{BCNF}$. Determine the minimal keys of relation $R$.
Consider the relation scheme $R(A, B, C)$ with the following functional dependencies:$A, B \rightarrow C,$$C \rightarrow A$Show that the scheme $R$ is in $3\text{NF}$ but...
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51 votes
6 answers
49
GATE CSE 2010 | Question: 20
Which of the following concurrency control protocols ensure both conflict serializability and freedom from deadlock? $2$-phase locking Time-stamp ordering I only II only Both I and II Neither I nor II
Which of the following concurrency control protocols ensure both conflict serializability and freedom from deadlock?$2$-phase lockingTime-stamp orderingI onlyII onlyBoth ...
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70 votes
6 answers
50
GATE CSE 2012 | Question: 50
Consider the following relations $A, B$ and $C:$ ... is the same as that of $A$. $(A\cup B)\bowtie _{A.Id > 40 \vee C.Id < 15} C$ $7$ $4$ $5$ $9$
Consider the following relations $A, B$ and $C:$$$\overset{\text{A}}{\begin{array}{|c|c|c|} \hline \text {ID} & \text {Name} & \text {Age} \\\hline\text{12}& \text{Arun}...
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46 votes
6 answers
53
GATE CSE 2014 Set 2 | Question: 30
Consider a join (relation algebra) between relations $r(R)$ and $s(S)$ using the nested loop method. There are $3$ ... $s(S)$ is more than $0.5$. join selection factor between $r(R)$ and $s(S)$ is less than $0.5$.
Consider a join (relation algebra) between relations $r(R)$ and $s(S)$ using the nested loop method. There are $3$ buffers each of size equal to disk block size, out of w...
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