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Consider set of four $/24$ IP network addresses as follow as-
$$
\begin{aligned}
& 212.56 .146 .0 / 24 \\
& 212.56 .147 .0 / 24 \\
& 212.56 .148 .0 / 24 \\
& 212.56 .149 .0 / 24
\end{aligned}
$$
Suppose we want to do address aggregation and we are not allowed to include any extra address except the address in the above four networks.

Which of the following prefixes in CIDR notation can be collectively used to correctly aggregate all of the subnets in the routing table?

  1. $212.56 .146 .0 / 23$
  2. $222.56 .144 .0 / 22$
  3. $212.56 .148 .0 / 23$
  4. $222.56 .147 .0 / 23$
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1 Answer

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- List each address in binary format and determine the common prefix for all of the addresses:
$$
\begin{aligned}
& 212.56 .146 .0 / 24:\;\;11010100.00111000 .10010010 .00000000 \\
& 212.56 .147 .0 / 24:\;\;11010100.00111000 .10010011 .00000000 \\
& 212.56 .148 .0 / 24:\;\;11010100.00111000 .10010100 .00000000 \\
& 212.56 .149 .0 / 24:\;\;11010100.00111000 .10010101 .00000000
\end{aligned}
$$
- Note that this set of four $/ 24 \mathrm{~s}$ cannot be summarized as a single $/ 23$.
$$
\begin{aligned}
& 212.56 .146 .0 / 23:\;\;11010100.00111000 .10010010 .00000000 \\
& 212.56 .148 .0 / 23:\;\;11010100.00111000 .10010100 .00000000
\end{aligned}
$$
- The CIDR aggregation is:
$$
\begin{aligned}
& 212.56 .146 .0 / 23 \\
& 212.56 .148 .0 / 23
\end{aligned}
$$
Note that if two $/ 23 \mathrm{~s}$ are to be aggregated into a $/ 22$, then both $/ 23 \mathrm{~s}$ must fall within a single $/ 22$ block. Since each of the two $/ 23 \mathrm{~s}$ is a member of a different $/ 22$ block, they cannot be aggregated into a single $/ 22$ (even though they are consecutive). They could be aggregated into $222.56.144/21,$ but this aggregation would include four network numbers that were not part of the original allocation. Hence, the smallest possible aggregate is two $/ 23 \mathrm{~s}$.
Answer:

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