Recent questions tagged machine-learning

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Consider the following loss function:$$L(w)=\sum_{i=1}^n \log \left(1+w^{\top} x_i\right)$$What is $\nabla L(w)$ ? Write down the update step for gradient descent.
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Consider the univariate function $f(x)=x^2$. This function has a unique minimum at $x^*=0$. We're using gradient descent (GD) to find this minimum and at time $t$ we arri...
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Consider the following loss function on vectors $w \in \mathbb{R}^4$ :$$L(w)=w_1^2+2 w_2^2+w_3^2-2 w_3 w_4+w_4^2+2 w_1-4 w_2+4$$What is $\nabla L(w)$ ?Suppose we use grad...
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Suppose we run gradient descent with a fixed learning rate of $\alpha=0.1$ to minimize the 2D function $f(x, y)=5+x^2+y^2+5 x y$.The gradient of this function is$$\nabla_...
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Consider applying gradient descent with step size $\alpha=0.5$ to find the $\mathbf{x}$ that minimizes the function $f(\mathbf{x})=f\left(\left(x^{(1)}, x^{(2)}\right)\ri...
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Select the correct statments : Gradient descent can fail to converge on a convex function if step size $\alpha$ is such that we get stuck in a cycle, oscillating between ...
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Consider the least squares regression model, $\hat{\mathbb{Y}}=\mathbb{X} \theta$. Assume that $\mathbb{X}$ and $\mathbb{Y}$ refer to the design matrix and true response ...
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Consider the least squares regression model, $\hat{\mathbb{Y}}=\mathbb{X} \theta$. Assume that $\mathbb{X}$ and $\mathbb{Y}$ refer to the design matrix and true response ...
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For the statement which combination of words correctly completes the statement?We can fix overfitting by either using a _________ complex model or ___________ features...
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For the statement which combination of words correctly completes the statement? We can fix underfitting by either using a _________ complex model or ________ features.In...
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For the statement which combination of words correctly completes the statement? If the model has __________ training set error and _________ test set error, the model un...
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What parameter estimate would minimize the following regularized loss function:$$\ell(\theta)=\lambda(\theta-4)^2+\frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^n\left(x_i-\theta\right)^2$$$\hat...
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For the statement which combination of words correctly completes the statement? If the model has _________ training set error and ________ test set error, the model ov...
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Consider the least squares regression model, $\hat{\mathbb{Y}}=\mathbb{X} \theta$. Assume that $\mathbb{X}$ and $\mathbb{Y}$ refer to the design matrix and true response ...
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Consider the least squares regression model, $\hat{\mathbb{Y}}=\mathbb{X} \theta$. Assume that $\mathbb{X}$ and $\mathbb{Y}$ refer to the design matrix and true response ...
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For the statement which combination of words correctly completes the statement? If the model has _________ training set error and _________ test set error, the model ge...
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Consider the least squares regression model, $\hat{\mathbb{Y}}=\mathbb{X} \theta$. Assume that $\mathbb{X}$ and $\mathbb{Y}$ refer to the design matrix and true response ...
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How does the irreducible error change if we increase the regularization coefficient $\lambda$ in ridge regression $?$ IncreaseDecreaseNot changeThe answer depends on the ...
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Which of them are training error and test error respectively ?2,11,21,1None of these
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Consider a simple classification task with features $x_i \in \mathbb{R}^d$ and $k$ classes. Suppose we train a linear classifier to minimize the regularized least squared...
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In a ridge regression model parameterized by $w$, what is the penalty term $?$(A) The square of the magnitude of $w$ 's coefficients(B) The square root of the magnitude o...
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$\begin{aligned}&\text { The standard form of the } L_2 \text {-regularized } L_2 \text { loss function for linear regression is }\\&L=(\mathbf{Y}-\mathbf{X} \mathbf{w})^...
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Which of them are training error and test error respectively?1,22,1Insufficient informationNone of these
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$\begin{aligned}&\text { The standard form of the } L_2 \text {-regularized } L_2 \text { loss function for linear regression is }\\&L=(\mathbf{Y}-\mathbf{X} \mathbf{w})^...
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Consider a new objective function with an added regularization term:$$J_3\left(\theta, \theta_0\right)=\frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^n\left(\theta^{\top} x^{(i)}+\theta_0-y^{(i)...
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Consider just the general shape of the following plots.For each of the following possible interpretations of the quantities being plotted on the $X$ and $Y$ axes, indicat...
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Ridge regression can shrink all coefficients to exactly 0 if the regularization parameter $\lambda$ is large enough.(Please enter 1 for True and 0 for False)
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Good practices to avoid overfitting include:  Using a two part cost function which includes a regularizer to penalize model complexity.Using a good optimizer to minimize ...