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GATE CSE 2013 | Question: 12

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42 42 votes

The transport layer protocols used for real time multimedia, file transfer, $\textsf{DNS}$ and email, respectively are

  1. $\textsf{TCP, UDP, UDP}\; \text{and}\; \textsf{TCP}$
  2. $\textsf{UDP, TCP, TCP}\; \text{and}\; \textsf{UDP}$
  3. $\textsf{UDP, TCP, UDP}\; \text{and}\; \textsf{TCP}$
  4. $\textsf{TCP, UDP, TCP}\;\text{and}\; \textsf{UDP}$

5 Answers

Best answer
70 70 votes

Real-Time Multimedia: Data packets should be delivered faster. Also, it can be unreliable. Therefore $\textsf{UDP}.$
File Transfer: For example downloading a file. It should be secure and reliable. Therefore $\textsf{TCP}.$
$\textsf{DNS}:$ uses both $\textsf{UDP}$ and $\textsf{TCP}$ for its transport. But to acheive efficiency $\textsf{DNS}$ uses $\textsf{UDP}.$ To start a $\textsf{TCP}$ connection a minimum of three packets are required (SYN out, SYN+ACK back, ACK out). $\textsf{UDP}$ uses a simple transmission model with a minimum of protocol mechanism. $\textsf{UDP}$ has no handshaking dialogues.
Email: uses $\textsf{SMTP}$ protocol which uses $\textsf{TCP}$ protocol.

Therefore, C is the answer.

• edited by
11 11 votes

DNS :-> uses both UDP and TCP  But to achieve efficiency DNS uses UDP why?

reason :-> A client-server application such as DNS uses the services of UDP because a client needs to send a short request to a server and to receive a quick response from it. The request and response can each fit in one user datagram. Since only one message is exchanged in each direction, the connectionless feature is not an issue; the client or server does not worry that messages are delivered out of order.

Real Time Multimedia :-> use UDP Why?

reason :-> Assume we are watching a real-time stream video on our computer. Such a program is considered a long file; it is divided into many small parts and broadcast in real time. The parts of the message are sent one after another. If the transport layer is supposed to resend a corrupted or lost frame, the synchronizing of the whole transmission may be lost. The viewer suddenly sees a blank screen and needs to wait until the second transmission arrives. This is not tolerable. However, if each small part of the screen is sent using one single user datagram, the receiving UDP can easily ignore the corrupted or lost packet and deliver the rest to the application program. That part of the screen is blank for a very short period of the time, which most viewers do not even notice. However, video cannot be viewed out of order, so streaming audio, video, and voice applications that run over UDP must reorder or drop frames that are out of sequence.

5 5 votes
UDP, TCP, UDP and TCP

Suppose u are looking at the video on you tube and quality of video is not HD then u are just using UDP.When u want to see video in 720HD,1080HD or 2160HD in that case TCP is used.

For file transfer we use TCP but for file downloading we use FTP or for small file we use TFTP.

DNS,RIP,OSPF,BOOTP,DHCP,NNP,NAT,TimeStamp and quote of day all uses UDP.

SMTP is application layer protocol but it uses TCP for sending mail.
0 0 votes
  • Real-time multimedia (UDP): Watching a live match; it’s fast but okay if small parts are missed.
  • File transfer (TCP): Downloading a movie; it’s slow but ensures nothing is missing.
  • Email (TCP): Sending an email; everything must reach correctly without errors.
  • DNS (UDP): Opening a website like google.com; quickly converts names to IPs, tolerating minor losses.
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