Typically, ordered indexing is used unless it is known in advance that range queries will be infrequent, in which case hashing is used like Q2:πA1,…,Ap(σc1≤Ap≤c2(r)) . Hash organizations are particularly useful for temporary files created during query processing, if lookups on a key value are required and no ranges queries will be performed like Q1:πA1,…,Ap(σAp=c(r)).
c is correct