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Let $B=\{0^n\#0^{2n}\#0^{3n}\mid n\ge0\}$.

Which statements are correct for proving $B$ is not CFL using the pumping lemma?

  1. Choose $s=0^p\#0^{2p}\#0^{3p}$, where $p$ is the pumping length.
     
  2. If $v$ or $y$ contains $\#$, pumping may change the number or placement of $\#$ symbols.
     
  3. If $v$ and $y$ do not contain $\#$, pumping changes only limited parts of the three zero-blocks, so the $1:2:3$ ratio breaks.
     
  4. $B$ is CFL because one stack can compare all three block lengths exactly.
     
  5. $B$ is not CFL.

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$B=\{0^n\#0^{2n}\#0^{3n}\mid n\geq0\}$

We use the pumping lemma for CFLs.

A. True

Choose $s=0^p\#0^{2p}\#0^{3p}$, where $p$ is the pumping length.

Clearly, $|s|\geq p$.

B. True

For a CFL pumping decomposition,

$s=uvxyz$ with $|vxy|\leq p$ and $|vy|>0$.

If $v$ or $y$ contains a $#$, then pumping with $i=0$ or $i=2$ changes the number or arrangement of $\#$ symbols.

But every string in $B$ must contain exactly two $\#$ symbols in the required positions.

So the pumped string is not in $B$.

C. True

Suppose neither $v$ nor $y$ contains $\#$.

Since $|vxy|\leq p$, the substring $vxy$ cannot cover all three zero-blocks.

Thus pumping can change only one block or at most two adjacent blocks.

But a string in $B$ must have block lengths in the ratio $1:2:3$.

Pumping changes some block lengths while leaving at least one block unchanged, so this ratio cannot remain $1:2:3$.

Therefore, for some pumping value such as $i=0$ or $i=2$, the resulting string is not in $B$.

D. False

One stack cannot, in general, enforce all three conditions

$|B_2|=2|B_1|$ and $|B_3|=3|B_1|$

while preserving the required information.

Indeed, $B$ is not context-free.

E. True

In every possible pumping decomposition, pumping produces a string outside $B$.

This contradicts the CFL pumping lemma.

Hence, $B$ is not CFL.

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