in simple words, x is a lower bound to y means, in hasse diagram, you should reach from x to y.
lower bounds of a = {d,e,g,h,i,o} but note that f is not lower bound of a due to you can't reach a from f.
lower bounds of b = {d,f,g,h,i,o} but note that e is not lower bound of b due to you can't reach b from e.
lower bounds of {a,b} = lower bounds of a ∩ lower bounds of b = {d,g,h,i,o} = L
lower bounds of b = {d,f,g,h,i,o} but note that e is not lower bound of b due to you can't reach b from e.
lower bounds of c = {e,f,g,h,i,o} but note that d is not lower bound of c due to you can't reach c from d.
lower bounds of {b,c} = lower bounds of b ∩ lower bounds of c = {f,g,h,i,o} = R
L ∩ R = {d,g,h,i,o} ∩ {f,g,h,i,o} = {g,h,i,o}.