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Concept of layering.OSI and TCP/IP Protocol Stacks; Basics of packet, circuit and virtual circuit-switching; Data link layer: framing, error detection, Medium Access Control, Ethernet bridging; Routing protocols: shortest path, flooding, distance vector and link state routing; Fragmentation and IP addressing, IPv4, CIDR notation, Basics of IP support protocols (ARP, DHCP, ICMP), Network Address Translation (NAT); Transport layer: flow control and congestion controlUDPTCP, sockets; Application layer protocols: DNS, SMTP, HTTP, FTPEmail.

.$$\scriptsize{\overset{{\large{\textbf{Mark Distribution in Previous GATE}}}}{\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}\hline
\textbf{Year}& \textbf{2024-1} & \textbf{2024-2} & \textbf{2023}&  \textbf{2022} & \textbf{2021-1}&\textbf{2021-2}&\textbf{Minimum}&\textbf{Average}&\textbf{Maximum}
\\\hline\textbf{1 Mark Count} & 3&3&2& 2 &1&1&1&2&3
\\\hline\textbf{2 Marks Count} & 3&3&3& 4 &4&3&3&3.33&4
\\\hline\textbf{Total Marks} & 9&9&8& 10 &9&7&\bf{7}&\bf{8.67}&\bf{10}\\\hline
\end{array}}}$$

Recent questions in Computer Networks

#4521
25.5k
views
6 answers
78 votes
A $1\;\text{Mbps}$ satellite link connects two ground stations. The altitude of the satellite is $36,504\;\text{km}$ ... $60\;\text{bytes}$240\;\text{bytes}$90\;\text{bytes}$
#4522
6.8k
views
4 answers
30 votes
Provide the best matching between the entries in the two columns given in the table below: ... -a, II-c, III-d, IV-b}$\text{I-b, II-c, III-d, IV-a}$
#4523
16.7k
views
7 answers
29 votes
How many bytes of data can be sent in $15$ seconds over a serial link with baud rate of $9600$ in asynchronous mode with odd parity and two stop bits in the frame?$10,000$ bytes$12,000$ bytes$15,000$ bytes$27,000$ bytes
#4524
2.5k
views
1 answers
9 votes
An asynchronous serial communication controller that uses a start-stop scheme for controlling the serial I/O of a system is programmed for a string of length seven ... string $ 0110101'?$How many such string can be transmitted per second?
#4525
7.9k
views
5 answers
27 votes
What is the distance of the following code $000000$, $010101$, $000111$, $011001$, $111111$?$2$3$4$1$
#4526
9.1k
views
7 answers
32 votes
Following $7$ ... the message contains an error find the bit which is erroneous and gives correct message.
#4527
669
views
2 answers
0 votes
Tanenbaum connection establishment
#4528
24.7k
views
7 answers
63 votes
Consider a network with $6$ routers $\textbf{R1}$ to $\textbf{R6}$ connected with links having weights as shown in the following diagram.All the routers use the distance ... $3$2$1$
#4529
15.5k
views
4 answers
35 votes
Suppose computers $A$ and $B$ have $IP$ addresses $10.105.1.113$ and $10.105.1.91$ respectively and they both use same netmask $N$. Which of the values of $N$ ... $255.255.255.128$255.255.255.192$255.255.255.224$
#4530
11.2k
views
2 answers
38 votes
Assume that each character code consists of $8$ bits. The number of characters that can be transmitted per second through an asynchronous serial line at $2400$ baud rate, and with two stop bits is$109$216$218$219$
#4531
4.1k
views
3 answers
11 votes
Purpose of a start bit in $\text{RS-232}$ serial communication protocol is:to synchronize receiver for receiving every byteto synchronize receiver for ... a sequence of bytesa parity bitto synchronize receiver for receiving the last byte
#4532
9.9k
views
6 answers
20 votes
One of the header fields in an IP datagram is the Time-to-Live (TTL) field. Which of the following statements best explains the need for this field?It can ... .It can be used to optimize throughput.It can be used to prevent packet looping.
#4533
25.0k
views
4 answers
49 votes
Consider a network with five nodes, $N1$ to $N5$, as shown as below.The network uses a Distance Vector Routing protocol. Once the routes have been stabilized, the distance vectors at different nodes ... $(7, 2, 0, 2, 6)$
#4534
40.4k
views
7 answers
74 votes
Consider an instance of TCP's Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease (AIMD) algorithm where the window size at the start of the slow start phase is $2$ MSS and the ... end of the tenth transmission.$8$ MSS$14$ MSS$7$ MSS$12$ MSS
#4535
26.9k
views
8 answers
79 votes
Consider a source computer $(S)$ transmitting a file of size $10^{6}$ bits to a destination computer $(D)$ over a network of two routers $(R_{1}\text{ and }R_{2})$ ... $?$\text{1005 ms}$\text{1010 ms}$\text{3000 ms}$\text{3003 ms}$
#4536
10.1k
views
3 answers
30 votes
Consider the different activities related to email.$\text{m1}:$ Send an email from mail client to mail server$\text{m2}:$ ...
#4537
17.3k
views
3 answers
42 votes
A layer-$4$ firewall (a device that can look at all protocol headers up to the transport layer) CANNOTblock entire $\text{HTTP}$ traffic during $9:00PM$ ... from a specific user on a multi-user system during $9:00PM$ to $5:00AM$
#4538
22.2k
views
10 answers
49 votes
An $IP$ router with a $\text{Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU)}$ of $1500$ bytes has received an $IP$ packet of size $4404\text{ bytes}$ with an $IP$ header of ... $\text{MF bit}$: $0,$ Datagram Length$: 1424;$ Offset$: 2960$
#4539
22.6k
views
11 answers
81 votes
Every host in an $\textsf{IPv4}$ network has a $1\text{-second}$ ... After what period (in seconds) will the identifiers generated by a host wrap around?
#4540
18.0k
views
6 answers
51 votes
An IP router implementing Classless Inter-domain Routing (CIDR) receives a packet with address $131.23.151.76$. The router's routing table has the ... identifier of the output interface on which this packet will be forwarded is ______.